TY - JOUR T1 - Direct determination of the exciton binding energy of conjugated polymers using a scanning tunneling microscope JO - PHYS REV LETT PY - 1998/08/03 AU - Alvarado SF AU - Seidler PF AU - Lidzey DG AU - Bradley DDC ED - VL - 81 IS - 5 SP - 1082 EP - 1085 Y2 - 2025/07/16 ER -